What IP48 protects on a foldable phone and what it doesn't
Samsung rates the device IP48. The second digit stands for protection against water, including submersion, and here the device is well equipped.
The first digit concerns solid foreign objects, and there things look different. The device is only protected against particles from one millimetre in diameter. Fine dust and sand from your trouser pocket are usually much smaller.
Samsung says so itself on its support page: the Fold and Flip models are not protected against dust getting in. According to Samsung, small particles such as sand can also cause scratches or dents in the screen.

